Liquid fuel.



FRANK C. AXTELL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

LIQUID FUEL.

w t Konrawing To all who-m it may concernf Be itknown'that I, FRANK C.Ax'rELL, a

,citizen of the United States, and resident of New York city, borough ofManhattan. in

the, county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Liquid Fuel, of which the Y} following is aSpecification.

The object of my invention is to provide a liquid fuelparticularlyadapted for use in the operation of internal combustionengines, which fuel may be used as a substn 'tute for gasolenein suchengines, a further object bein to enable the utilizationin the 1 fuel ofac "cap base, whereby fuel may be u producedat a; relatively low cost.

In carryingout my invention I make a mixture comprising alighthydrocarbon oil, "(such as kerosene), alight hydrocarbon distilla-te,and alcohol, with which is combined what I term a'. mixing or combiningagentfcomprising a iiquid,jor mixture of liquids, which is soluble ormiscible with each of the constituent liquids above named inallproportions. I, V v

Myim'provedliquid fuel may be produced as follows To two volumes ofhydrocarbon oil. such fits-kerosene, preferably that which is known incommerce as export oil, (com mercial 'kerosene' having a flash-point ofQ tol10 F;).I add one volume of a light parafiin distillate boilingatabout to 80 0., or the same volume of alight distillate, suchasisobtained by cracking or decomposing parafiinoils in heated retorts,and to such mixture ofhvdrocarbon oil, (export oil), andlightdistillate,I add one volume (if-"alcohol of about 95 volume per cent. Under suchconditions the alcohol does not mix 'with the aforesaidmixture of oiland flight distillate, and the whole mixture would separateinto twostrata, one of which consists almostentirely of the hydrocarbons and the"other of alcohol and water, and in order to cause them to combine toform a homogeneous mixture I add thereto a certain proportion of themixing 0r combining agent above referred to. Such mixing or combiningagent may consist of any suitable liquid or mixture of liquids which issoluble or miscible in all proportions with each of the constituentliquids above named. Thus, a liquid which is soluble or miscible in all55 proportions in export oil, inIeither of the Specification of LettersPatent.

"the production of a combustible mixture for Patented Nov, 14, 1916.

' Application filed September 5, 1916. Serial Nb. 118,384.

light distillates described, and in alcohol of l 95 volume per cent,would constitute a mixing or combining agent, within the scope ofthe'appended claims. It will be evident to those skilled in this art.that there are yarious liquids which will fulfil the requirements andwhich possess the properties I have described regarding the said minfing or combining agent, and as specific illustrations I may mentioncommercial anhydrous fusel oil and. commercial anhydrous amylalcohoheither of which, when added in certain proportion to. theaforesaid mixture of hydrocarbons, (such as export .oil and lightdistillate, and alcohol of volume per cent), causes such liquids to mixperfectly, the resulting mixture being a homogeneous liquid fuel, whichwill remain mixed and not separate. As an example of the proportion ofthe aforesaid mixing or combining agent which may be mixed'with theaforesaid hydrocarbons and alcohol, it will be found that four-tenths(0.4) volume of anhydrous fuscl oil or anhydrous amyl alcohol mixed withthe above describedmixture of two volumes of export oil, one volume oflight paraliin distillate or of cracked' distillate, and one volume ofalcohol at 95 volume per cent, will produce the homogeneous'mixturedescribed.

While I have mentioned examples of proportions of the variousingredients utilized in the productionof my improved liquid fuel, itwill be understood that the proportions mentioned may be varied in orderto meet the desired requirements. or for the production of my improvedliquid fuel of varying grades or volatility. or having the mostdesirable properties for the use to which it is to be applied.

Some of the advantages of my new liquid fuel, when compared withordinary commercial gasolene of today, are that my fuel produces a moreperfect combustion in the engine cylinders, yields considerably morepower, is capable of taking up ordissolving small quantities of water(up to about threefourths of one per cent), without separating, thuseliminating "one of the inherent troubles in such use of the aforesaidgasolene, and further, that my improved fuel internal combustionengines, it may be supf may be produced at" relatively low cost.

yliml lo tho (Ufl'lDG lilui'ingli :1 cnfbuz'eior in HM ordinary n'nsnncrof using gnsolonc for sin-l1 purpose.

ll'liilu l lnun referred in my iu'l'provsul liqniil ('omposilion asadopted as a liquid fnnl wnii-li, \vlion mixed. with air in properproportions, would serve us a mixture for llSl in internal combustionengines it will no llllllilSLUOd that such :1 composition may lie.llillllZl'll for any other (lQSlJHl purpose to which it may he in iiclapplicable.

\Yliiln l' iefviherein in anhydrous fusel oil. it will lie nnilm'siool'lthat I intend by ;-;n 'l1 form in include anhydrous nm vl alcohol andwhere I have lbffillml to a light ilisl'illntu" l inland the t-oi'm toinclude a li x i li'omrlmn (linlillnlb. wlieitlwuo'i the lightPiil'fllllll sci-ins or such as is obtained by vim-ling or ilounzngu:iin}; l'lillzllllil oils in limited Penn-ta the term living inienilcdby luv to include, li mliol'znrlions having :1 gravity lug-hint thankerosene oil volume of alcohol (about 95 \"Olllll'lQ nel- Cont), 11mlabout 'f()llI'--il'li'll$; (0.4.) Yolumo of nnlqx'lrous fusel oil.

Signed at lieu York city in the (*oujny of New York and Stain of 1.5mYork this nevi/ml (lay of iloplmnber. A. l). 1916.

FRANK (J. A315

